Leica R
    Prime zoom
    Full frame

    Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5

    4.1
    (3 reviews)
    Optical: 3.8
    Mechanical: 3.8
    Value: 3.3
    Focal Length
    35-70mm
    Aperture
    f/3.5-22
    Mount
    Leica R
    Weight
    420g
    Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 is a manual focus prime zoom lens for full frame cameras.

    Optical design

    Has 7 aperture blades, mid-grade lenses usually have this amount of blades. Having rounded blades provides out of focus circle shape closer to a circle. Average brightness in this league

    Physical characteristics

    With a lens filter diameter of 60 mm you are one step from the next standard filter size, buy step-up ring and bigger filter you may want to use a step-up ring and 67 or 77mm filter. 72 mm long, requires consideration if you want to carry in the camera bag. Weights 420 grams so plan ahead, carry only if really necessary.

    Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 purchase history

    eBay Price HistoryeBay Auction (high-low)

    Purchases (433)

    • Jun 14, 2026$599.00
    • May 24, 2026$599.00
    • May 10, 2026$599.00
    • Oct 23, 2025$500.00
    • Aug 12, 2025$559.00
    • Aug 9, 2025$464.00
    • Aug 9, 2025$346.00
    • Aug 9, 2025$344.00
    • Aug 2, 2025$209.00
    • Jul 19, 2025$372.00
    • Jul 19, 2025$213.00
    • Jul 19, 2025$215.00
    • Jul 19, 2025$281.00
    • Jul 19, 2025$279.00
    • Jul 19, 2025$375.00
    • Jul 18, 2025$328.00
    • Jul 18, 2025$326.00
    • Jul 5, 2025$544.00
    • Jul 5, 2025$540.00
    • Jun 23, 2025$321.00
    • Jun 23, 2025$322.00
    • Jun 23, 2025$651.00
    • Jun 23, 2025$655.00
    • Jun 23, 2025$656.00
    • Jun 23, 2025$319.00
    • Jun 15, 2025$464.00
    • Jun 15, 2025$461.00
    • Jun 15, 2025$463.00
    • May 23, 2025$468.00
    • May 23, 2025$469.00
    • May 23, 2025$486.00
    • May 18, 2025$467.00
    • May 18, 2025$468.00
    • May 18, 2025$486.00
    • Apr 28, 2025$386.00
    • Apr 28, 2025$364.00
    • Apr 28, 2025$365.00
    • Apr 28, 2025$378.00
    • Apr 26, 2025$443.00
    • Apr 24, 2025$561.00
    • Apr 24, 2025$594.00
    • Apr 24, 2025$562.00
    • Apr 24, 2025$583.00
    • Apr 23, 2025$420.00
    • Apr 23, 2025$437.00
    • Apr 23, 2025$446.00
    • Apr 23, 2025$421.00
    • Apr 22, 2025$300.00
    • Apr 19, 2025$440.00
    • Apr 19, 2025$457.00
    • Apr 19, 2025$466.00
    • Apr 18, 2025$374.00
    • Apr 18, 2025$396.00
    • Apr 18, 2025$397.00
    • Apr 18, 2025$389.00
    • Apr 16, 2025$321.00
    • Apr 16, 2025$389.00
    • Apr 16, 2025$327.00
    • Apr 16, 2025$396.00
    • Apr 16, 2025$309.00
    • Apr 16, 2025$374.00
    • Apr 12, 2025$9.00
    • Apr 12, 2025$10.00
    • Apr 7, 2025$396.00
    • Apr 7, 2025$389.00
    • Apr 7, 2025$374.00
    • Mar 29, 2025$321.00
    • Mar 21, 2025$10.00
    • Mar 18, 2025$584.00
    • Mar 18, 2025$595.00
    • Mar 18, 2025$612.00
    • Mar 4, 2025$392.00
    • Mar 4, 2025$396.00
    • Mar 3, 2025$456.00
    • Mar 3, 2025$459.00
    • Mar 3, 2025$446.00
    • Feb 14, 2025$347.00
    • Feb 14, 2025$10.00
    • Feb 14, 2025$355.00
    • Feb 14, 2025$357.00
    • Feb 13, 2025$248.00
    • Feb 13, 2025$253.00
    • Feb 13, 2025$255.00
    • Feb 12, 2025$329.00
    • Feb 12, 2025$326.00
    • Feb 7, 2025$408.00
    • Feb 7, 2025$406.00
    • Feb 7, 2025$431.00
    • Feb 2, 2025$216.00
    • Feb 2, 2025$203.00
    • Feb 2, 2025$204.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$391.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$266.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$268.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$430.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$368.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$370.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$405.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$407.00
    • Jan 20, 2025$283.00
    • Jan 9, 2025$550.00
    • Jan 9, 2025$465.00
    • Jan 9, 2025$507.00
    • Jan 9, 2025$539.00
    • Jan 9, 2025$510.00
    • Jan 8, 2025$602.00
    • Jan 8, 2025$588.00
    • Jan 8, 2025$594.00
    • Jan 8, 2025$606.00
    • Jan 2, 2025$547.00
    • Jan 2, 2025$581.00
    • Jan 2, 2025$550.00
    • Jan 2, 2025$1095.00
    • Jan 2, 2025$593.00
    • Jan 2, 2025$1073.00
    • Jan 2, 2025$1009.00
    • Jan 2, 2025$1015.00
    • Dec 27, 2024$710.00
    • Dec 27, 2024$715.00
    • Dec 27, 2024$466.00
    • Dec 27, 2024$659.00
    • Dec 27, 2024$471.00
    • Dec 27, 2024$701.00
    • Dec 26, 2024$622.00
    • Dec 26, 2024$627.00
    • Dec 26, 2024$578.00
    • Dec 26, 2024$614.00
    • Dec 19, 2024$545.00
    • Dec 19, 2024$546.00
    • Dec 19, 2024$550.00
    • Dec 18, 2024$536.00
    • Dec 18, 2024$529.00
    • Dec 18, 2024$498.00
    • Dec 18, 2024$540.00
    • Dec 15, 2024$358.00
    • Dec 15, 2024$355.00
    • Dec 15, 2024$330.00
    • Dec 15, 2024$350.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$617.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$618.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$620.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$627.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$628.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$633.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$155.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$157.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$158.00
    • Dec 2, 2024$159.00
    • Nov 27, 2024$352.00
    • Nov 27, 2024$343.00
    • Nov 27, 2024$344.00
    • Nov 27, 2024$345.00
    • Nov 27, 2024$349.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$617.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$618.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$620.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$622.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$624.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$625.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$627.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$628.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$633.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$638.00
    • Nov 25, 2024$543.00
    • Nov 18, 2024$544.00
    • Nov 18, 2024$545.00
    • Nov 18, 2024$549.00
    • Nov 18, 2024$535.00
    • Nov 18, 2024$537.00
    • Nov 18, 2024$538.00
    • Nov 16, 2024$358.00
    • Nov 16, 2024$363.00
    • Nov 16, 2024$357.00
    • Nov 16, 2024$366.00
    • Nov 13, 2024$373.00
    • Nov 13, 2024$374.00
    • Nov 13, 2024$375.00
    • Nov 13, 2024$380.00
    • Nov 13, 2024$383.00
    • Nov 12, 2024$396.00
    • Nov 12, 2024$397.00
    • Nov 12, 2024$398.00
    • Nov 12, 2024$403.00
    • Nov 12, 2024$406.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$512.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$513.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$418.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$514.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$424.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$425.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$431.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$435.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$505.00
    • Nov 10, 2024$511.00
    • Oct 30, 2024$608.00
    • Oct 30, 2024$617.00
    • Oct 30, 2024$618.00
    • Oct 30, 2024$593.00
    • Oct 30, 2024$627.00
    • Oct 30, 2024$628.00
    • Oct 30, 2024$633.00
    • Oct 27, 2024$512.00
    • Oct 27, 2024$482.00
    • Oct 27, 2024$483.00
    • Oct 27, 2024$516.00
    • Oct 27, 2024$496.00
    • Oct 27, 2024$503.00
    • Oct 27, 2024$504.00
    • Oct 20, 2024$448.00
    • Oct 20, 2024$449.00
    • Oct 20, 2024$456.00
    • Oct 20, 2024$426.00
    • Oct 20, 2024$460.00
    • Oct 20, 2024$429.00
    • Oct 20, 2024$431.00
    • Oct 20, 2024$442.00
    • Oct 18, 2024$423.00
    • Oct 18, 2024$429.00
    • Oct 18, 2024$430.00
    • Oct 18, 2024$436.00
    • Oct 18, 2024$437.00
    • Oct 18, 2024$408.00
    • Oct 18, 2024$411.00
    • Oct 18, 2024$412.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$423.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$429.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$430.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$436.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$404.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$437.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$408.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$411.00
    • Oct 9, 2024$412.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$608.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$581.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$617.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$586.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$618.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$591.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$593.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$627.00
    • Oct 8, 2024$628.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$323.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$327.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$328.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$298.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$299.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$307.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$308.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$311.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$313.00
    • Sep 22, 2024$314.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$385.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$418.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$387.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$424.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$425.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$397.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$399.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$403.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$406.00
    • Sep 19, 2024$407.00
    • Sep 18, 2024$485.00
    • Sep 18, 2024$490.00
    • Sep 18, 2024$492.00
    • Sep 18, 2024$493.00
    • Sep 18, 2024$495.00
    • Sep 18, 2024$498.00
    • Sep 18, 2024$504.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$389.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$390.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$423.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$391.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$430.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$402.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$403.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$407.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$410.00
    • Sep 13, 2024$412.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$390.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$423.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$392.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$430.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$402.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$404.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$408.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$411.00
    • Sep 10, 2024$412.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$514.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$515.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$529.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$560.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$561.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$563.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$568.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$578.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$581.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$586.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$591.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$593.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$608.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$487.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$488.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$490.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$494.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$503.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$505.00
    • Sep 6, 2024$510.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$642.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$644.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$389.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$391.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$394.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$401.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$403.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$661.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$407.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$410.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$411.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$422.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$609.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$610.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$612.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$617.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$629.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$631.00
    • Sep 2, 2024$637.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$390.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$391.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$395.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$398.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$399.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$410.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$302.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$303.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$306.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$312.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$313.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$316.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$318.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$319.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$321.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$322.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$323.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$326.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$328.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$332.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$333.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$337.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$339.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$340.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$349.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$377.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$378.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$380.00
    • Aug 27, 2024$383.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$195.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$196.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$197.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$198.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$201.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$202.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$204.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$205.00
    • Aug 12, 2024$206.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$390.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$392.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$393.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$395.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$397.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$402.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$404.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$408.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$411.00
    • Aug 9, 2024$412.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$389.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$390.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$392.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$393.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$395.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$397.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$398.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$402.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$404.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$408.00
    • Aug 1, 2024$411.00
    • Jul 29, 2024$172.00
    • Jul 29, 2024$173.00
    • Jul 29, 2024$174.00
    • Jul 29, 2024$175.00
    • Jul 29, 2024$178.00
    • Jul 29, 2024$180.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$291.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$292.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$293.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$294.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$295.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$297.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$298.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$301.00
    • Jul 22, 2024$302.00
    • Jul 5, 2024$584.00
    • Jul 5, 2024$585.00
    • Jul 5, 2024$586.00
    • Jul 5, 2024$588.00
    • Jul 5, 2024$592.00
    • Jul 5, 2024$597.00
    • Jul 2, 2024$487.00
    • Jul 2, 2024$488.00
    • Jul 2, 2024$492.00
    • Jul 2, 2024$494.00
    • Jul 2, 2024$496.00
    • Jul 2, 2024$539.00
    • Jun 27, 2024$486.00
    • Jun 27, 2024$487.00
    • Jun 27, 2024$491.00
    • Jun 27, 2024$493.00
    • Jun 27, 2024$495.00
    • Jun 27, 2024$497.00
    • Jun 25, 2024$488.00
    • Jun 25, 2024$484.00
    • Jun 25, 2024$477.00
    • Jun 12, 2024$561.00
    • Jun 12, 2024$562.00
    • Jun 12, 2024$556.00
    • Jun 12, 2024$550.00
    • May 24, 2024$248.00
    • May 24, 2024$249.00
    • May 24, 2024$246.00
    • Feb 2, 2024$491.00
    • Feb 2, 2024$493.00
    • Feb 2, 2024$486.00
    • Feb 2, 2024$495.00

    Auctions (63)

    • Aug 23, 2026High: $595.53 / Low: $399.00
    • Aug 5, 2026High: $676.00 / Low: $499.00
    • Jun 6, 2026High: $769.00 / Low: $499.00
    • May 17, 2026High: $679.00 / Low: $339.99
    • May 3, 2026High: $649.99 / Low: $399.99
    • Apr 24, 2026High: $749.00 / Low: $499.99
    • Apr 17, 2026High: $699.00 / Low: $389.99
    • Apr 10, 2026High: $959.00 / Low: $459.99
    • Apr 3, 2026High: $559.99 / Low: $425.00
    • Mar 27, 2026High: $1799.00 / Low: $399.99
    • Mar 20, 2026High: $749.00 / Low: $386.32
    • Mar 13, 2026High: $959.00 / Low: $454.95
    • Mar 6, 2026High: $629.90 / Low: $499.00
    • Feb 27, 2026High: $1799.00 / Low: $469.00
    • Feb 19, 2026High: $539.00 / Low: $399.00
    • Feb 12, 2026High: $959.00 / Low: $533.50
    • Feb 4, 2026High: $700.00 / Low: $499.00
    • Jan 28, 2026High: $1799.00 / Low: $469.00
    • Jan 21, 2026High: $749.00 / Low: $539.00
    • Jan 11, 2026High: $749.00 / Low: $520.66
    • Dec 28, 2025High: $1799.00 / Low: $469.00
    • Dec 21, 2025High: $749.00 / Low: $516.57
    • Dec 14, 2025High: $749.00 / Low: $399.00
    • Dec 7, 2025High: $499.00 / Low: $256.92
    • Nov 30, 2025High: $1799.00 / Low: $469.00
    • Nov 23, 2025High: $749.00 / Low: $499.99
    • Nov 15, 2025High: $695.00 / Low: $469.99
    • Nov 6, 2025High: $652.06 / Low: $499.00
    • Oct 30, 2025High: $1799.00 / Low: $469.00
    • Oct 14, 2025High: $695.00 / Low: $469.99
    • Oct 7, 2025High: $2199.00 / Low: $332.99
    • Sep 30, 2025High: $1799.00 / Low: $381.00
    • Sep 23, 2025High: $749.00 / Low: $424.99
    • Sep 16, 2025High: $695.00 / Low: $295.99
    • Sep 9, 2025High: $2299.00 / Low: $352.84
    • Sep 1, 2025High: $1799.00 / Low: $469.00
    • Aug 21, 2025High: $749.00 / Low: $224.50
    • Jul 22, 2025High: $859.00 / Low: $229.00
    • Jun 30, 2025High: $699.99 / Low: $10.00
    • Jun 8, 2025High: $1309.00 / Low: $10.00
    • May 14, 2025High: $749.00 / Low: $10.00
    • Mar 29, 2025High: $1799.00 / Low: $10.00
    • Mar 6, 2025High: $995.00 / Low: $10.00
    • Feb 10, 2025High: $995.00 / Low: $200.00
    • Jan 17, 2025High: $1300.00 / Low: $319.95
    • Jan 1, 2025High: $1799.00 / Low: $319.95
    • Dec 22, 2024High: $599.00 / Low: $319.95
    • Dec 13, 2024High: $950.00 / Low: $319.95
    • Dec 7, 2024High: $699.90 / Low: $305.00
    • Nov 12, 2024High: $950.00 / Low: $305.00
    • Nov 5, 2024High: $699.90 / Low: $305.00
    • Oct 29, 2024High: $1799.00 / Low: $305.00
    • Oct 22, 2024High: $625.00 / Low: $305.00
    • Oct 15, 2024High: $1300.00 / Low: $305.00
    • Oct 8, 2024High: $699.90 / Low: $176.50
    • Oct 1, 2024High: $1799.00 / Low: $176.50
    • Sep 24, 2024High: $625.00 / Low: $176.50
    • Sep 17, 2024High: $1300.00 / Low: $309.71
    • Sep 10, 2024High: $625.00 / Low: $176.50
    • Sep 3, 2024High: $699.90 / Low: $176.50
    • Aug 18, 2024High: $1300.00 / Low: $176.50
    • Aug 13, 2024High: $950.00 / Low: $176.50
    • Aug 6, 2024High: $499.00 / Low: $491.00

    What is the Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5?

    Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 is a camera lens with 35-70mm focal length, a maximum aperture of f/3.5/22, for the Leica R mount, supporting the Full frame format, weighing 420g.

    Prices and availability are sourced from eBay sold listings and live auctions at request time.

    eBay Auctions

    No active auctions found.

    Technical Specifications

    Optical
    Focal Length35-70mm
    Aperturef/3.5-22
    Min Focus Distance1m
    FocusingManual Focus
    Physical
    Weight420g
    Length72mm
    Filter Thread60mm
    MountLeica R
    FormatFull frame

    Reviews

    Very good vendor, fast and responsive5.0/5

    Very good vendor, fast and responsive This is a very good lens and am very happy with this purchase. Comparatively, it is quite cheap with other Leica lenses. This lens is also quite compact and is not heavy. I have no hesitation in recommending it to other people.

    Very good vendor, fast and responsive5.0/5

    Very good vendor, fast and responsive This is a very good lens and am very happy with this purchase. Comparatively, it is quite cheap with other Leica lenses. This lens is also quite compact and is not heavy. I have no hesitation in recommending it to other people.

    Emma Rossi3.6/5

    Reviewer did not give any comments for Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What is the Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5?

    Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 is a camera lens with 35-70mm focal length, a maximum aperture of f/3.5/22, for the Leica R mount, supporting the Full frame format, weighing 420g.

    What mount is the Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 compatible with?

    Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 uses a Leica R mount and supports the Full frame format.

    How much does the Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 cost?

    Based on recent eBay sold listings the Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 typically sells for around $9.00. Actual prices vary with condition and seller.

    Is the Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 a good lens?

    Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5 has a community rating of 4.1/5 from 3 review(s).

    Which lenses are similar to the Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f/3.5?

    Similar lenses include Leica Vario Elmar-R 28-70mm f/3.5-4.5, Leica Vario-Elmar-R 35-70mm f /4, Leica Vario-Elmarit-R 35-70mm f/2.8 Asph.

    Current Pricing

    Latest Price
    €515.00

    Review Summary

    Overall Rating
    3.6
    Optical3.8/5
    Mechanical3.8/5
    Value3.3/5
    Bokeh3.8/5
    Usability3.8/5
    Based on 4 reviewers